We know for a fact that some phones are secretly listening and uploading stuff.[1-4] It's done by spying apps. How do we know? Because there are tons of researchers reverse engineering stuff trying to find this stuff. These researchers are extremely hungry for a big find, for some big publicity. They're searching very hard to find a big player doing it, but none of the big players are doing it, so they only make small headlines with the small players they find.
[1] https://www.zdnet.com/article/hundreds-of-apps-are-using-ult...
[2] http://christian.wressnegger.info/content/projects/sidechann...
[3] https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/28/business/media/alphonso-a...
[4] https://web.archive.org/web/20190309034942/https://recon.med...